The Islamic religion, also known as Islam, originated in the 7th century CE in the Arabian Peninsula. It was founded by the Prophet Muhammad, who Muslims believe received revelations from God (Allah) through the angel Gabriel. These revelations are compiled in the holy book of Islam, the Quran.
Muhammad's teachings emphasized monotheism, social justice, and moral conduct. The migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE, known as the Hijra, marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar.
After Muhammad's death in 632 CE, his followers, known as Muslims, continued spreading Islam across the Arabian Peninsula and beyond. The early caliphs, including Abu Bakr and Umar, played crucial roles in this expansion. The Islamic Empire eventually extended into North Africa, Spain, the Middle East, and Central Asia.
Islamic civilization flourished during the Golden Age (8th to 14th centuries), contributing significantly to science, philosophy, art, and architecture. The Abbasid and Umayyad caliphates were central to this period.
The Sunni-Shi'a split emerged over a leadership dispute after Muhammad's death, leading to distinct branches within Islam. Various empires, such as the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal, shaped the Islamic world's political landscape.
In the modern era, Islamic countries underwent significant changes, facing colonialism, nationalism, and contemporary challenges. Islam remains a major global religion, with diverse traditions and practices across different cultures.
0 Comments